Dillemas of social control Essay

Everybody envisions a safer distinguish and a peaceful separate. However, recent events in the 21st century have extremely instilled disquietude and doubt to the muckle of the homo. At present, it seems that the manhood has dark back to the dark ages of barbarians ploy of annihilation and it is ch anyenged by mad work force of pell-mell beliefs and distorted ideals. Thus, it is no wonder that our everyday tarrys atomic number 18 confronted with the paranoia of deceit. Basic onlyy, the aging society is currently manifesting its gray temperament which is represented by men who wander in its fragile state.These men who make the society senile and fragile be char impresserized by greed and dogmatical ideologies that have resulted in humankind carnage, famine, and plagues of war. One wonders, what does it would interest for the g everywherenment to sanctify the protection of its state? Do the deal desire to be protected or atomic number 18 they the ones who protect? T hese questions are profoundly manifested in the long debates of legislations specifi auspicatey on counter- act of terrorism. Fortunately, there are still a few good men in pursuit of a better and safer place and a peaceful state.In this regard, this paper provide focus on Americas state-supported policies that addresses the trauma and torments of terrorism that shocked America in the 9/11 cataclysm. In addition, the paper allow too discuss how the giving medications of the world interact with the global constitution on counter-terrorism and how the carrying out of such a insurance would affect the way of bread and butter sentence. The overall interchange of this paper will use a deuce-prong greet by discussing selective literatures and apply the estimable parameters of Clark Cochran, Lawrence Mayer, T. Carr and N.Joseph Cayer in their book, Ameri loafer customary insurance An Introduction. literature Review The post 9/11 tragedy is a go along challenge to American multitude that seeks justice and determination of further knowing the treacherous powers that be. It is not only America that suffers the trauma of the human carnage of the 9/11 tragedy merely all of the allied administrations and United Nations members as puff up. The constitution-making experts, constitution makers, and various intelligence agencies perceive terrorism as a social ill and more than than just a phenomenon.It is also evident that the last-ditch target of terrorists is the United States, being the worlds most powerful country, and this was proven during the 9/11 attacks. Moreover, the brats of terrorism beset the US homeland apology and crosses inter field of study b collections to implement acknowledgment strategies with allied countries that are also potential targets of terrorist attacks. In short, terrorism can truly be considered a serious spheric threat. consort to the report of the US National Counterterrorism effect (USNCC), approximately 14, 000 terrorist attacks occurred in various countries during 2006 and resulted in over 20,000 deaths.As compared to 2005, attacks in 2006 rose by 3,000 (a 25% increase) tour the death toll rose by 5,800 (a 40% increase), which was also the case last division and was by far the largest number of terrorist incidents that occurred in the respectable East and South Asia. In addition, the USNCC (2007) disclosed that the two regions of East and South Asia were the locations of 90% of the nearly ccc high-casualty attacks in 2006 that killed ten or more people while only a total of fiver high-casualty attacks occurred in Europe-Eurasia, East Asia-Pacific and the Western Hemisphere (USNCC, 2007).The seek paper of Rohan Gunaratna of the International Centre for Political military unit and Terrorism Research (ICPVTR) in 2006 has reported expand terrorists bailiwicks across the world. Based on his report, foot and Taliban camps in Afghanistan trained between 70,000 and 120,000 Muslim youth s to fight in the Philippines (Mindanao province), Indonesia (Maluku and Poso provinces), Myanmar, China (Xinjiang province), Kashmir, Bosnia, Kosovo, Chechnya, Dagestan, Nagorno-Karabakh, Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Yemen and other countries.It is clear that the expansive order of the terrorists pose risk and threats to Southeast Asian countries. In addition, the carnage of terrorism would plunge the poor countries into unconquerable human casualties and ultimately result in the forlornness of their economies. It may be then perceive that al-Qaeda is being condoned by its Islamic cohorts that could greatly knead the vast Muslim communities around the world. These perceptions attri exactlye to the august concern of imminent danger that al-Qaeda which could interminably conduct its terrorist assaults establishon its political-Islamist-religious platform of Jihad (holy war).Stages of Policy depth psychology The Framing of a National Policy spell our grief into courage is a credo tha t basically calls for national recovery amidst terrorist threats that has enabled the Americans to overcome their grief and start courageous to surpass the inimical challenge. Indeed, America move its grief into courage as manifested in reprobate the ultimate cohort of terrorism in the US war in Iraq. The Iraq war has highlighted the USs capabilities to disarm Saddam Husseins weapons of chaw destruction and liberate the people from the tyrannical regime and set a new Iraqi government.The US government has realigned its governmental functions to reply to its vulner might to the continuing threat of terrorism and shared its burdens with allied governments. The frame of reference of the national polity for an high-octane homeland demurral clay has paved the way for the word picture of the word Reform and terrorism cake achievement of 2004 (IRTPA ), which an act to reform the intelligence operational framework for efficient capability.According to Terri Everrets paper, P rocuring the prox 21st one C IC Acquisition, in January 8th 2008, IRTPA yielded a strategical defensive measure program through the Office of the managing director of the National Intelligence (ODNI). The main purpose of the ODNI program, agree to Everret, is to avert conflict and preserve peace while specifically focusing on (1) military, (2) proliferation, (3) foreign policy, (4) economics, (5) terrorism, narcotics, international organized criminal offenses, (6) technology, and (7) regional conflict.Furthermore, the ODNI program empowers the IRTPA to support the re portrait of US Foreign Intelligence Surveillance action (FISA) of 2007 which modernized the National economic programs for Fiscal twelvemonth 2008. The overall representation of this development supports the US Counterintelligence schema of 2007 basically empowers the homeland defense system. Defining of a Policy From the previous discussions of issues as presented with a truncated review of literatures and statistical data, it has been cited that the need of the US government and its people is to materialize and put into national thought the countrys protection.In this aspect, the effectiveness, applicability, and efficiency to enact the US warranter and defense policy will be examined through the sentiment and ethical parameters based on the book, American human race Policy An Introduction. i) According to the American Public Policy An Introduction, the depth psychology of a policy requires the interpretation and examination of the fundamental fleshs and rule to enact a policy. Based on the book, policy analysis is not value neutral but wants to reach the significance and importance to world set.In short, cosmos policy is characterized by objectiveness of reasoning and intention for a universe interest. Furthermore, gibe to Cochran, et. al, a public policy must be dealt with classifications of purposes, types, and goods. In other words, the objectivity and rationality a re combined factors that exemplify the importance, adequacy, applicability, and affectivity of the public policy to the life of the people and well-being of the state.This analysis also coincides and adheres to the moralistic and social values. In this regard, one workout is the threat on terrorism to American people which does not only address the enactment of IRTPA and other programs on State security but also embraces all forms of terrorism-related violence occurring within a domestic welkin that may be inflicted by a customary crime or street crime, which is commonly called participation crimes.ii) The classification of the policy is mainly to deter crime and enact on crime through imposing the punishment or penalty as provided by the rules of court and the due process of law. Another example of terrorism-related violence is the magnitude or oscilloscope of tax write-off or damage by size and by number of casualties within household or community, especially when children and women are the victims of crimes.These also include multiple murders with mutilation of the bodies, rape, burglary and arson, which are also considered as heinous crimes. It may be taken from the point of view of securing the state that the resultant enactment of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2007, the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) of 2007, and the Counterintelligence scheme of 2007, focuses on counter-terrorism.On the other hand, the enactment of the National Strategy for motherland surety of 2007 embodies and embraces all of the provisions from previous policy enactments, which could be interpreted as reinvented exercises and coherent bring downments within the domestic system of governance and national policy environment. In short, the scope of the applicability the National Strategy for motherland Security of 2007 addresses the framework policy. Defining the Ethical Parameters Classification and finding for a Safer and pacific Statei) Classifying a public policy in a category of securing the public is being find outd by the magnitude of application to preserving peace and order. Based on the book, American Public Policy An Introduction, the enactment of a security policy would secure the interstate highway (domestic) and intrastate (foreign community) bailiwicks from the common crimes committed by the citizens of the state and the vulnerability of the state from international attacks being specifically characterized by terrorists.Moreover, according to the book, the be claim on which classification of a public policy is relevant for the serious deficiencies in the ability of federal law enforcement authorities to recognize and respond to terrorist threats which is primarily due to the fact that individuals are a great deal labeled suspicious on the basis of ideological, alternatively than behavioral grounds. It is evident that the classification of a policy to protect and secure the public would likewise define where and whom the policy should cover.ii) The purpose is the deliberate intention of a policy to objectively address the circumstance or phenomenon affecting the well-being of the state in order to preserve the interest of the people. In this case, the interest of the people to live in a better, safer, and peaceful world is being threatened by terrorism. The purpose to live in a better, safer and peaceful state has by design and intentionally emanated from the rationale of the government to enact a policy that defines the purpose to protect, preserve, and uphold the autonomousty of people against forces of destruction.According to US President George Bush, the purpose of enacting the US Homeland defense system is aligned with the interstate and intrastate security strategies and is a shared business across the entire nation that has been developed for national culture preparedness of the local tribal state and federal governments and crosses international borders for collaborating secured international communities. Perspectives of A Safer and Peaceful State i) Based on Cochran, et.als book, enacting a public policy must be determined by the type of application and the goods it would chip in to people and society. The community represented by families must enjoy a safer and peaceful life to manifest a better living condition categorized by abundance and prosperity. From this statement, the book make headways a liberating concept of a safer and peaceful state pensive of a crime-free community and is being protected by a public policy that promulgates crime sanctions and the finesse of punishments upon committing a crime.The implementation of the US Homeland defense system, through various policies or State Acts antecedently discussed in this paper, point out the perspective of a safer and peaceful state, and wholly emphasize a call for national recovery in socio-economic-political aspect. This is also associate to the efforts of the stat e to secure the lives of the people as well as to preserve the economic resources which could make the world a safer and better place to live in. ii) Cochrans, et. al.concept and ethical parameters applies in the overall perspectives of the US policy and State Acts for a safer place and peaceful state. In addition, perspectives in the point of view of interstate (domestic) domain protection on combating vulnerability and preempting terrorist aggression from intrastate (foreign) domain can be applied. The US Homeland defense system could be a bulwark that shields the American community from terrorism, and while having that shield, the US manages to enforce its strategies in its counter-terrorism efforts across borders.Furthermore Based on Cochran et. als book, a policy flows from analysis which is not value neutral but wants to discover the significance and importance to public values. Therefore, the US Homeland defense system has enabled an interstate (domestic) and intrastate (for eign) policy that defines the importance of the public values, which affirms and represents the various concept and ethical parameters stated in the book, American Public Policy An Introduction. ConclusionIt is safe to say that the US government made a safer place for the American people, as manifested by its empowerment of Homeland defense and learning of security measures. However, the militarism aspect in countering terrorism has somehow inflicted a wound on the flesh of sovereign people. In this connection, it can be perceived that it is also important to rectify the human errors committed in enforcing counter-terrorism measures that add the cost of human toll. The US security policy from its interstate and intrastate scope has its dimensional perspective in achieving a better place.In addition, the sharing of responsibility and burdens amongst nations could be the pursuance of a world order. The creation and execution of the security and defense policies basically represents conceptual frameworks and ethics presented in the book, American Public Policy An Introduction. However, it is not clear how the realities of implementation could be measured based on the lives of people in international communities. Furthermore, a safer place is perceived as a continuing perseverance in enacting state policies. It is also the moral basis of the alive policies.In short, public policy that can promote a peaceful State is a policy that may genuinely harness the defense and security of people and the State itself. Works Cited Cochran, Mayer, Carr and Cayer. American Public Policy An Introduction. 2006. Thompson/Wadsworth Publishing, 8th Edition. ISBN 0-534-60163-4. Rohan Gunaratna. Terrorism in Southeast Asia Threat and Response. 2006. Center for Eurasian Policy Occassional Research Paper, Series II (Islamism in Southeast Asia), No. 1. , Hudson Institute. 17 evidence 2008 from http//www. hudson.org/files/pdf_upload/terrorismPDF. pdf. Terri Everett. Procuring the Futu re 21st Century IC Acquisition. (2008). DNI elder Procurement Executive, Office of the Director of National Intelligence. 17 March 2008 from http//www. fas. org/irp/dni/everett. ppt. US Department of State. National Strategy for Homeland Security. 2007. Retrieved 17 March 2008 from http//www. state. gov/journals/. US National Counterterrorism Center. Report on Terrorist Incidents-2006. (2007). Retrieved 17 March 2008 from http//www. wits. nctc. gov/reports/crot2006nctcannexfinal. pdf.